History and Social Studies Grade Expectations – Grade 1-2

Social and Historical Questioning

H&SS1-2:1

Students initiate an inquiry by…

· Asking questions based on what they have seen, what they

have read, what they have listened to, and/or what they

have researched as a class (e.g., How is living in Vermont

different than living in Florida?).

Hypothesis/Research Statement

H&SS1-2:2

Students develop a hypothesis, thesis, or research statement

by…

· Using prior knowledge to share ideas about possible answers

to questions (e.g., How people use teamwork to get

jobs done?).

Research Plan

H&SS1-2:3

Students design research by…

· Identifying resources for finding answers to their questions

(e.g., books, videos, people, and the Internet).

· Explaining what their jobs will be during an inquiry investigation

(e.g., drawing pictures after a field trip).

· Planning how to organize information so it can be shared.

Conducting Research

H&SS1-2:4

Students conduct research by…

· Following directions to complete an inquiry.

· Asking questions and observing during the investigation

process.

· Recording observations with words, numbers, symbols,

and/or pictures (e.g., drawing or labeling a diagram, creating

a title for a drawing or diagram, recording data provided

by the teacher in a table).

H&SS1-2:5

Students develop reasonable explanations that support the

research statement by…

· Organizing and displaying information (e.g., table, chart,

graph)

· Classifying information and justifying groupings based on

observations, prior knowledge, or experience.

H&SS1-2:6

Students make connections to research by…

· Discussing if their findings answered their research question.

· Proposing solutions to problems and asking other questions.

H&SS1-2:7

Students communicate their findings by…

· Speaking, using pictures, (including captions) or creating a

simple report or "painted essay" containing a focus statement,

details, and conclusions.

H&SS1-2:8

Students connect the past with the present by…

· Classifying objects from long ago and today (e.g., sorting

pictures or objects into two groups: "long ago" and

"today").

· Exploring objects and looking closely at similarities, differences,

patterns, and change.

· Describing ways that school life has both changed and

stayed the same over time (e.g., a one-room schoolhouse

vs. modern schools).

· Identifying how events and people have shaped their

schools or towns (e.g., How does life change when one

moves to a different town?).

H&SS1-2:9

Students show understanding of how humans interpret history

by…

· Collecting information about the past (e.g., through interviews,

photos and artifacts). i

· Differentiating among fact, opinion, and interpretation of

classroom situations, stories, and other media. i

H&SS1-2:10

Students show understanding of past, present, and future

time by…

· Placing events that occurred within the school or community

setting in their correct sequence.

· Constructing a time line of events in the history of their

own or another family, or of the school or community.

· Measuring calendar time by days, weeks, and months (e.

g., How old are you?).

· Identifying an important event in their lives and/or

schools, and discussing changes that resulted (e.g., after

the new baby arrived, I had to share a bedroom with my

sister).

H&SS1-2:11

Students interpret geography and solve geographic problems

by…

· Writing their names and addresses.

· Identifying characteristics of a neighborhood or community

using resources such as road signs, landmarks, models,

maps, photographs and mental mapping. i

· Differentiating between neighborhood, town, and state.

· Identifying the locations of places within the community

on a prepared map, and suggesting why particular locations

are used for certain human activities (e.g., parks,

school, shops, etc.). i

· Identifying a map or globe and using terms related to location,

direction, and distance (e.g., up/down, left/right,

near/far, here/there, north, south, east, west).

· Using a simple map to find something (e.g., locating the

teacher’s desk on a map of their classrooms).

· Creating a map as a representation of a space (e.g., making

a map of the playground, drawing a treasure map).

· Identifying and using basic elements of the map (e.g., cardinal

directions and key).

· Using appropriate geographic resources (e.g., aerial photos)

to answer geographic questions. i

H&SS1-2:12

Students show understanding of human interaction with

the environment over time by…

· Identifying ways in which they and people in the community

take care of or hurt the environment (e.g., after identifying

litter in the local area, discussing why the trash is

there and giving suggestions about how the problem can

be helped). i

· Participating in taking care of the environment (e.g., gardening,

recycling).

· Identifying ways in which people in their community

adapt to their physical environment, and discussing how

these adaptations have both positive and negative effects.

i

· Recognizing reasons why friends and family move (e.g.,

climate, job opportunities, family ties).

H&SS1-2:13

Students analyze how and why cultures continue and

change over time by…

· Identifying ways culture is expressed in their communities,

such as celebrations, legends, and traditions.

· Describing the contributions of various cultural groups to

the community. i

H&SS1-2:14

Students act as citizens by…

· Describing what it means to be a responsible member of a

group.

· Describing what his/her role is as a member of various

groups.

· Demonstrating positive interaction with group members

(e.g., working with a partner to complete a task).

· Explaining their own point of view on issues that affect

themselves.

· Participating in setting and following the rules of the

group, school, community.

H&SS1-2:15

Students show understanding of various forms of government

by…

· Identifying rules or laws that solve a specific problem or

apply to a specific situation (e.g., raising hands, crossing

at the light, wearing bike helmet).

· Explaining why rules and laws are written down.

· Identifying the consequences of not following rules or

laws.

· Describing characteristics of good leadership and fair decision-

making and how that affects others (e.g., line

leader, team captain).

H&SS1-2:16

Students examine how different societies address issues of

human interdependence by…

· Explaining that people have rights and needs (e.g. fairness,

safety).

· Identifying how the groups to which a person belongs

(family, friends, team, community) influence how she or

he thinks and acts.

· Defining their own rights and needs – and the rights and

needs of others – in the classroom, school, and playground

(e.g., "I" statements, learning to be assertive, taking care

of yourself).

· Giving examples of ways that she or he is similar to and

different from others (e.g., gender, eye color, hair color,

skin color, likes and dislikes, etc.).

· Identifying examples of interdependence among individuals

and groups (e.g., family, sports team).

· Practicing communication skills with individuals and

groups.

· Describing feelings and situations that might lead to conflict

(e.g., fighting over being first in line).

· Describing ways that people solve problems. i

H&SS1-2:17

Students examine how access to various institutions affects

justice, reward, and power by…

· Identifying ways in which local institutions promote the

common good (e.g., police enforce rules and laws, fire

department, ambulances).

H&SS1-2:18

Students show an understanding of the interaction/

interdependence between humans, the environment, and the

economy by…

· Participating in activities as a buyer or seller (e.g., bake

sale, school store), and discussing where goods come from

(e.g., clothing, toys, foods).

· Identifying economic activities that use resources in the

local region (e.g., maple syrup production, logging).

· Identifying jobs people do in the community, and the value

these jobs bring to the community (e.g., road crews help

keep people safe while driving).

H&SS1-2:19

Students show understanding of the interconnectedness between

government and the economy by…

· Identifying some goods and services that are provided by

the local government (e.g., schools, parks, police, fire protection).

· Describing ways in which people exchange money for

goods (e.g., buying lunch or snack).

 

H&SS1-2:20

Students make economic decisions as a consumer, producer,

saver, investor, and citizen by…

· Recognizing the differences between the basic needs and

wants (e.g., food, clothing, shelter, and affection vs. toys

and sweets).

· Explaining why people earn, spend, and save.