History and Social Studies Grade Expectations – Grade 1-2
Social and Historical Questioning
H&SS1-2:1
Students initiate an inquiry by…
·
Asking questions based on what they have seen, what theyhave read, what they have listened to, and/or what they
have researched as a class (e.g., How is living in Vermont
different than living in Florida?).
Hypothesis/Research Statement
H&SS1-2:2
Students develop a hypothesis, thesis, or research statement
by…
·
Using prior knowledge to share ideas about possible answersto questions (e.g., How people use teamwork to get
jobs done?).
Research Plan
H&SS1-2:3
Students design research by…
·
Identifying resources for finding answers to their questions(e.g., books, videos, people, and the Internet).
·
Explaining what their jobs will be during an inquiry investigation(e.g., drawing pictures after a field trip).
·
Planning how to organize information so it can be shared.Conducting Research
H&SS1-2:4
Students conduct research by…
·
Following directions to complete an inquiry.·
Asking questions and observing during the investigationprocess.
·
Recording observations with words, numbers, symbols,and/or pictures (e.g., drawing or labeling a diagram, creating
a title for a drawing or diagram, recording data provided
by the teacher in a table).
H&SS1-2:5
Students develop reasonable explanations that support the
research statement by…
·
Organizing and displaying information (e.g., table, chart,graph)
·
Classifying information and justifying groupings based onobservations, prior knowledge, or experience.
H&SS1-2:6
Students make connections to research by…
·
Discussing if their findings answered their research question.·
Proposing solutions to problems and asking other questions.H&SS1-2:7
Students communicate their findings by…
·
Speaking, using pictures, (including captions) or creating asimple report or "painted essay" containing a focus statement,
details, and conclusions.
H&SS1-2:8
Students connect the past with the present by…
·
Classifying objects from long ago and today (e.g., sortingpictures or objects into two groups: "long ago" and
"today").
·
Exploring objects and looking closely at similarities, differences,patterns, and change.
·
Describing ways that school life has both changed andstayed the same over time (e.g., a one-room schoolhouse
vs. modern schools).
·
Identifying how events and people have shaped theirschools or towns (e.g., How does life change when one
moves to a different town?).
H&SS1-2:9
Students show understanding of how humans interpret history
by…
·
Collecting information about the past (e.g., through interviews,photos and artifacts). i
·
Differentiating among fact, opinion, and interpretation ofclassroom situations, stories, and other media. i
H&SS1-2:10
Students show understanding of past, present, and future
time by…
·
Placing events that occurred within the school or communitysetting in their correct sequence.
·
Constructing a time line of events in the history of theirown or another family, or of the school or community.
·
Measuring calendar time by days, weeks, and months (e.g., How old are you?).
·
Identifying an important event in their lives and/orschools, and discussing changes that resulted (e.g., after
the new baby arrived, I had to share a bedroom with my
sister).
H&SS1-2:11
Students interpret geography and solve geographic problems
by…
·
Writing their names and addresses.·
Identifying characteristics of a neighborhood or communityusing resources such as road signs, landmarks, models,
maps, photographs and mental mapping
. i·
Differentiating between neighborhood, town, and state.·
Identifying the locations of places within the communityon a prepared map, and suggesting why particular locations
are used for certain human activities (e.g., parks,
school, shops, etc.). i
·
Identifying a map or globe and using terms related to location,direction, and distance (e.g., up/down, left/right,
near/far, here/there, north, south, east, west)
.·
Using a simple map to find something (e.g., locating theteacher’s desk on a map of their classrooms).
·
Creating a map as a representation of a space (e.g., makinga map of the playground, drawing a treasure map).
·
Identifying and using basic elements of the map (e.g., cardinaldirections and key).
·
Using appropriate geographic resources (e.g., aerial photos)to answer geographic questions. i
H&SS1-2:12
Students show understanding of human interaction with
the environment over time by…
·
Identifying ways in which they and people in the communitytake care of or hurt the environment (e.g., after identifying
litter in the local area, discussing why the trash is
there and giving suggestions about how the problem can
be helped). i
·
Participating in taking care of the environment (e.g., gardening,recycling).
·
Identifying ways in which people in their communityadapt to their physical environment, and discussing how
these adaptations have both positive and negative effects.
i
·
Recognizing reasons why friends and family move (e.g.,climate, job opportunities, family ties).
H&SS1-2:13
Students analyze how and why cultures continue and
change over time by…
·
Identifying ways culture is expressed in their communities,such as celebrations, legends, and traditions.
·
Describing the contributions of various cultural groups tothe community
. iH&SS1-2:14
Students act as citizens by…
·
Describing what it means to be a responsible member of agroup.
·
Describing what his/her role is as a member of variousgroups
.·
Demonstrating positive interaction with group members(e.g., working with a partner to complete a task).
·
Explaining their own point of view on issues that affectthemselves.
·
Participating in setting and following the rules of thegroup, school, community.
H&SS1-2:15
Students show understanding of various forms of government
by…
·
Identifying rules or laws that solve a specific problem orapply to a specific situation
(e.g., raising hands, crossingat the light, wearing bike helmet).
·
Explaining why rules and laws are written down.·
Identifying the consequences of not following rules orlaws.
·
Describing characteristics of good leadership and fair decision-making and how that affects others
(e.g., lineleader, team captain).
H&SS1-2:16
Students examine how different societies address issues of
human interdependence by…
·
Explaining that people have rights and needs (e.g. fairness,safety).
·
Identifying how the groups to which a person belongs(family, friends, team, community) influence how she or
he thinks and acts.
·
Defining their own rights and needs – and the rights andneeds of others – in the classroom, school, and playground
(e.g., "I" statements, learning to be assertive, taking care
of yourself).
·
Giving examples of ways that she or he is similar to anddifferent from others (e.g., gender, eye color, hair color,
skin color, likes and dislikes, etc.).
·
Identifying examples of interdependence among individualsand groups (e.g., family, sports team).
·
Practicing communication skills with individuals andgroups.
·
Describing feelings and situations that might lead to conflict(e.g., fighting over being first in line).
·
Describing ways that people solve problems. iH&SS1-2:17
Students examine how access to various institutions affects
justice, reward, and power by…
·
Identifying ways in which local institutions promote thecommon good
(e.g., police enforce rules and laws, firedepartment, ambulances).
H&SS1-2:18
Students show an understanding of the interaction/
interdependence between humans, the environment, and the
economy by…
·
Participating in activities as a buyer or seller (e.g., bakesale, school store), and discussing where goods come from
(e.g., clothing, toys, foods).
·
Identifying economic activities that use resources in thelocal region (e.g., maple syrup production, logging).
·
Identifying jobs people do in the community, and the valuethese jobs bring to the community (e.g., road crews help
keep people safe while driving).
H&SS1-2:19
Students show understanding of the interconnectedness between
government and the economy by…
·
Identifying some goods and services that are provided bythe local government (e.g., schools, parks, police, fire protection).
·
Describing ways in which people exchange money forgoods (e.g., buying lunch or snack).
H&SS1-2:20
Students make economic decisions as a consumer, producer,
saver, investor, and citizen by…
·
Recognizing the differences between the basic needs andwants (e.g., food, clothing, shelter, and affection vs. toys
and sweets).
·
Explaining why people earn, spend, and save.